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FIRST Robotics Competition
Technical Resources
Disclaimer: Some of the following links lead to external web sites that are not endorsed or controlled by FIRST® and may contain outdated or inaccurate information about FIRST. Teams should look at the Game Manual on the Season Materials webpage for the most up to date information on what they can use each season.
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Mechanical Resources
Mechanical Resources
General
- Prototyping 101 - a resource that discusses prototyping concepts and explains the prototyping process.
- Prototyping Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams through the prototyping process.
- Mechanisms Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams start developing their robot’s mechanisms.
- Manufacturing Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams start the manufacturing process and get the robot up and running.
- Common Bolt Sizes, Uses, and Hardware: This graphic helps cover common bolts used in FIRST Robotics Competition, when teams may use each type, and what tools are needed. Teams can print this out and place in their shop as a handy reference!
- Suggested Tools for FIRST Robotics Competition Teams - a resource for newer teams with suggested tools to have for the team's shop.
- NASA RAP (Robotics Alliance Project) Robotics Design Guide - A comprehensive mechanical design guide covering design patterns, materials, tools and techniques and more.
- ReCalc - A mechanical design calculator with tools to help choose a motor or calculate gear ratios, estimate air usage, and more.
- AMB Robotics Calculator - A mechanical design calculator with tools to analyze projectile trajectory, drivetrain gear ratios, beam strength, and more.
- Robot Inspection Videos - In this playlist, learn about the various sections of the inspection checklist from several Lead Robot Inspectors. Thanks to WPI for helping edit these videos!
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
- Design 101 - this resource is intended to provide the resources that can help teams in the design process.
- 973 RAMP Designing Robots with Sketches - This video is produced by Team 973, Greybots and covers how to effectively design a robot using CAD sketches to save time in the design process.
- 973 RAMP Designing Linkages with Sketches - This video is produced by Team 973, Greybots and covers a process for designing linkages (such as for pneumatics) using CAD sketches.
- SOLIDWORKS Student Design Team Tools - in this video, learn how to take your design and project planning skills to the next level with apps on the 3DEXPERIENCE Platform or tools on SOLIDWORKS Desktop.
Onshape
- FRCDesign.org - a comprehensive learning guide and technical reference for FRC design using Onshape
- Onshape CAD for Robotics Competition Curriculum - This course will introduce you to Onshape and the many features that will take your robotics team to the next level. It features 3 modules that help develop skills using various lessons.
- Getting started with Onshape
- in this video, learn how to create your free Onshape Education account, get familiar with the interface, and set up your team. - Onshape for FIRST Robotics Competition teams - A collection of Onshape resources compiled by Team 6328, Mechanical Advantage, to help teach CAD and design concepts to students.
- Collaborating Remotely with Onshape - in this video, learn about Onshape’s unique features for collaborating, including Follow Mode to see the real-time actions of another user, advanced commenting capabilities like markup and task assignment, as well as branching and versioning for parallel development.
Drive System & Mechanisms
- Robot Chassis & Drive Trains - The robot chassis is the structural component of a robot that provides a foundation for the robot’s drivetrain and other mechanisms. This presentation explains more details about the chassis and things to keep in mind when designing.
- Intakes - The intake is the mechanism that allows robots to acquire and possess scoring elements. This presentation explains more details about types of intakes to consider.
- Launchers & Placers: FIRST Robotics Competition games are often either launch games, where a game piece launches out of the robot and into a goal, or pick-and-place games, where a scoring element is placed onto a field element to score points. This presentation explains more details about types of launchers and placers and things to keep in mind when designing.
- Extenders - Extenders are robot mechanisms that allow a robot to lift up, reach out, and climb. This presentation explains more details about types of extenders and things to keep in mind when designing.
- Actuators: Actuators convert energy from the robot’s 12-volt battery to create movement. This presentation explains more details about types of actuators and things to keep in mind when designing.
- ILITE Drivetrain Simulator Tutorial - This simulator and video were produced by Team 1885, ILITE. The video tutorial details the use of an advanced tool that can estimate the performance of drivetrain configurations to aid in selection of motors and gearing.
Bumpers
FIRST Robotics Competition Bumper Guide (updated for 2025 season) - A guide outlining information on how to make bumpers in a variety of ways depending on your preferred design.
Pneumatics
- Pneumatics Manual - A guide outlining the basics of what pneumatics are and how they might be used on a FIRST Robotics Competition robot.
- How to Adjust the Pressure Relief Valve - In this video, learn how to adjust the pressure relief valve from Co-Chief Robot Inspector – Chuck! Thanks to WPI for their assistance in editing this video!
- How to Adjust the Pressure Relief Valve (REV PH with Analog) - In this video, David from REV describes how to adjust the pressure relief valve using an analog pressure sensor with the REV Pneumatic Hub. Thanks to REV for creating this video for us!
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Software/Electrical Resources
Software/Electrical Resources
Electrical
- How To Wire an FRC Robot - This webpage describes how to wire the basic FIRST Robotics Competition Control System using the REV Robotics Control System components provided in the rookie Kickoff Kit.
- Basic Robot Wiring - This webpage describes how to wire other control system components such as CTR Electronics.
- How to Wire a Robot - This video describes how to wire the basic FIRST Robotics Competition Control System. Please note this video shows how to wire components from 2024 and does not demonstrate the new radio (VH-109). Thanks to WPI for their assistance in editing this video!
- How to Wire the Pneumatics - This video describes how to wire a basic pneumatics system for the FIRST Robotics Competition using the REV Robotics Pneumatic Hub. Thanks to WPI for their assistance in editing this video!
- How Do I Keep My Robot Running? - In this video from AndyMark, learn some tips and tricks to ensure your robot runs during every match.
- Control Systems Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams learn about the control systems and reminds teams of items to double check.
- Wiring Essentials by April Riddett of NI - In this video, NI employee and FIRST volunteer April Riddett shares some wiring tips and tricks to help your team be successful.
Software
- Computer Requirements - This document serves as a recommendation for the hardware and operating system requirements for the computer system needed for each FIRST program.
- Control System and Programming Documentation (WPLib) - Resources to help with wiring and programming your robot.
- Programming 101 - This resource covers the basics of programming in FIRST Robotics Competition. It covers C++, Java/Kotlin, and LabVIEW.
- Synthesis - Synthesis: An Autodesk Technology is an open-source robotics simulator built by students for students. Hear from some of the student interns that help create this technology and learn how you can benefit from their work.
- FMS Whitepaper - The purpose of this document is to provide an insight to the functional structure and method by which the Field Management System (FMS) is implemented on a typical FIRST Robotics Competition field.
Mechanical Resources
General
- Prototyping 101 - a resource that discusses prototyping concepts and explains the prototyping process.
- Prototyping Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams through the prototyping process.
- Mechanisms Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams start developing their robot’s mechanisms.
- Manufacturing Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams start the manufacturing process and get the robot up and running.
- Common Bolt Sizes, Uses, and Hardware: This graphic helps cover common bolts used in FIRST Robotics Competition, when teams may use each type, and what tools are needed. Teams can print this out and place in their shop as a handy reference!
- Suggested Tools for FIRST Robotics Competition Teams - a resource for newer teams with suggested tools to have for the team's shop.
- NASA RAP (Robotics Alliance Project) Robotics Design Guide - A comprehensive mechanical design guide covering design patterns, materials, tools and techniques and more.
- ReCalc - A mechanical design calculator with tools to help choose a motor or calculate gear ratios, estimate air usage, and more.
- AMB Robotics Calculator - A mechanical design calculator with tools to analyze projectile trajectory, drivetrain gear ratios, beam strength, and more.
- Robot Inspection Videos - In this playlist, learn about the various sections of the inspection checklist from several Lead Robot Inspectors. Thanks to WPI for helping edit these videos!
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
- Design 101 - this resource is intended to provide the resources that can help teams in the design process.
- 973 RAMP Designing Robots with Sketches - This video is produced by Team 973, Greybots and covers how to effectively design a robot using CAD sketches to save time in the design process.
- 973 RAMP Designing Linkages with Sketches - This video is produced by Team 973, Greybots and covers a process for designing linkages (such as for pneumatics) using CAD sketches.
- SOLIDWORKS Student Design Team Tools - in this video, learn how to take your design and project planning skills to the next level with apps on the 3DEXPERIENCE Platform or tools on SOLIDWORKS Desktop.
Onshape
- FRCDesign.org - a comprehensive learning guide and technical reference for FRC design using Onshape
- Onshape CAD for Robotics Competition Curriculum - This course will introduce you to Onshape and the many features that will take your robotics team to the next level. It features 3 modules that help develop skills using various lessons.
- Getting started with Onshape
- in this video, learn how to create your free Onshape Education account, get familiar with the interface, and set up your team. - Onshape for FIRST Robotics Competition teams - A collection of Onshape resources compiled by Team 6328, Mechanical Advantage, to help teach CAD and design concepts to students.
- Collaborating Remotely with Onshape - in this video, learn about Onshape’s unique features for collaborating, including Follow Mode to see the real-time actions of another user, advanced commenting capabilities like markup and task assignment, as well as branching and versioning for parallel development.
Drive System & Mechanisms
- Robot Chassis & Drive Trains - The robot chassis is the structural component of a robot that provides a foundation for the robot’s drivetrain and other mechanisms. This presentation explains more details about the chassis and things to keep in mind when designing.
- Intakes - The intake is the mechanism that allows robots to acquire and possess scoring elements. This presentation explains more details about types of intakes to consider.
- Launchers & Placers: FIRST Robotics Competition games are often either launch games, where a game piece launches out of the robot and into a goal, or pick-and-place games, where a scoring element is placed onto a field element to score points. This presentation explains more details about types of launchers and placers and things to keep in mind when designing.
- Extenders - Extenders are robot mechanisms that allow a robot to lift up, reach out, and climb. This presentation explains more details about types of extenders and things to keep in mind when designing.
- Actuators: Actuators convert energy from the robot’s 12-volt battery to create movement. This presentation explains more details about types of actuators and things to keep in mind when designing.
- ILITE Drivetrain Simulator Tutorial - This simulator and video were produced by Team 1885, ILITE. The video tutorial details the use of an advanced tool that can estimate the performance of drivetrain configurations to aid in selection of motors and gearing.
Bumpers
FIRST Robotics Competition Bumper Guide (updated for 2025 season) - A guide outlining information on how to make bumpers in a variety of ways depending on your preferred design.
Pneumatics
- Pneumatics Manual - A guide outlining the basics of what pneumatics are and how they might be used on a FIRST Robotics Competition robot.
- How to Adjust the Pressure Relief Valve - In this video, learn how to adjust the pressure relief valve from Co-Chief Robot Inspector – Chuck! Thanks to WPI for their assistance in editing this video!
- How to Adjust the Pressure Relief Valve (REV PH with Analog) - In this video, David from REV describes how to adjust the pressure relief valve using an analog pressure sensor with the REV Pneumatic Hub. Thanks to REV for creating this video for us!
Software/Electrical Resources
Electrical
- How To Wire an FRC Robot - This webpage describes how to wire the basic FIRST Robotics Competition Control System using the REV Robotics Control System components provided in the rookie Kickoff Kit.
- Basic Robot Wiring - This webpage describes how to wire other control system components such as CTR Electronics.
- How to Wire a Robot - This video describes how to wire the basic FIRST Robotics Competition Control System. Please note this video shows how to wire components from 2024 and does not demonstrate the new radio (VH-109). Thanks to WPI for their assistance in editing this video!
- How to Wire the Pneumatics - This video describes how to wire a basic pneumatics system for the FIRST Robotics Competition using the REV Robotics Pneumatic Hub. Thanks to WPI for their assistance in editing this video!
- How Do I Keep My Robot Running? - In this video from AndyMark, learn some tips and tricks to ensure your robot runs during every match.
- Control Systems Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams learn about the control systems and reminds teams of items to double check.
- Wiring Essentials by April Riddett of NI - In this video, NI employee and FIRST volunteer April Riddett shares some wiring tips and tricks to help your team be successful.
Software
- Computer Requirements - This document serves as a recommendation for the hardware and operating system requirements for the computer system needed for each FIRST program.
- Control System and Programming Documentation (WPLib) - Resources to help with wiring and programming your robot.
- Programming 101 - This resource covers the basics of programming in FIRST Robotics Competition. It covers C++, Java/Kotlin, and LabVIEW.
- Synthesis - Synthesis: An Autodesk Technology is an open-source robotics simulator built by students for students. Hear from some of the student interns that help create this technology and learn how you can benefit from their work.
- FMS Whitepaper - The purpose of this document is to provide an insight to the functional structure and method by which the Field Management System (FMS) is implemented on a typical FIRST Robotics Competition field.
Other Technical Resources
General
- Find Robot Parts - This resource was created by Team 1735, Green Reapers, and shares common robot parts and where teams can source them from.
- Pre-Match Checklist - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams put together their own checklist of things to check before every match.
- Pit Set-Up - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams figure out how to set up their pit.
- KitBot - This webpage hosts all of the resources for the KitBot. The KitBot is provided by FIRST and designed to be able to play some aspects of each year's game, but not all. It’s also been designed so teams can build the KitBot and then further iterate on it to add additional features if they choose.
- Everybot - created each season by FIRST Robotics Competition Team 118, the Robonauts from Texas, they say Everybot “is an affordable, competitive, and elegant robot intended to play the FIRST Robotics Competition challenge. Everybot can be built with nothing but basic tools and items found in either the kit of parts or purchased from your local hardware store…”
Kickoff
- Kickoff Worksheet - This worksheet helps teams identify important rules and strategies for each season's game.
- Kickoff Game Break Down Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams break down the game after Kickoff.
Drive Team
- Drive Coach Best Practices - This guide is intended to focus on how to be an exemplary Drive Coach, and the content is applicable to both student and adult Drive Coaches. This guide can also be used by other Drive Team members, or even other members of the team, to know what to expect from their Drive Coach.
- Guide to Selecting Drive Teams - This guide lays out some helpful considerations when selecting Drive Team members.
- Improving Driver Performance - This guide provides some ideas about how to practice, what to practice, and how to further analyze and improve your cycle times.
Scouting/Strategy
- Introduction to Scouting - This resource was created with Team 1678, Citrus Circuits. This guide is intended to be an introduction to scouting and cover scouting basics.
- Intermediate Scouting - This resource was created with Team 1678, Citrus Circuits. This guide is intended to be an intermediate overview of scouting. This guide covers how to visualize data (spreadsheets and Tableau), Computed fields, Subjective Scouting, initial statistics of scouting, and scouting for match strategy.
- Scouting Worksheet - A worksheet, created by The Compass Alliance, that helps teams identify what to put on their scouting sheet as well as how to create a pick list.
- Using the FRC-Events API - These resources guide you through accessing data from the FRC Events API which provides official event data and can help augment your scouting efforts.
- The API Demo Tool is a simple command line tool used for making requests to all the endpoints on the public FRC Events API.
- The FRC API for Google Sheets resource provides instructions and code samples for pulling match-level data from the API into a spreadsheet.
- Effective FIRST Strategies for Design & Competition by FIRST Alum & 1114 Mentor Karthik Kanagasabapathy - This presentation (or view the recorded presentation) focuses on three major areas, Strategic Design, Match Planning/Execution, and Scouting. Rather than spending time on equations and detailed calculations, the Strategic Design gives a more high-level overview of how to design a robot. This portion of the presentation includes sections on such often neglected strategic design areas such as Game Analysis, Chokehold Strategies, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Task Prioritization, and Tradeoffs using case studies from past games. The Match Planning/Execution section of the presentation discusses effective habits and strategies that will help lead a team to victory. The Scouting section deals with effective techniques to collect information on your partners/opponents, and how to make the most of this data.